beta_significance.py: command not found

Have You tried accessing the binary with the full path?

Maybe Your $PATH variable doesn't contain the default paths? echo $PATH should give something like:

[root@server ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

If it's empty, You may set the PATH variable with this command

export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin"

On Debian possible default full paths are:

/usr/lib/qiime/bin/beta_significance.py - from package: qiime

You may install the required package with command apt-get install {package}
Error in other languages:
beta_significance.py: bevel nie gevind nie
beta_significance.py: comandă negăsită
beta_significance.py: comando não encontrado
beta_significance.py: commande introuvable
beta_significance.py: command not found
beta_significance.py: käsku ei ole
beta_significance.py: không tìm thấy lệnh
beta_significance.py: komanda nerasta
beta_significance.py: Kommando nicht gefunden.
beta_significance.py: kommandot finns inte
beta_significance.py: komut yok
beta_significance.py: nie znaleziono polecenia
beta_significance.py: níor aimsíodh an t-ordú
beta_significance.py: no se encontró la orden
beta_significance.py: no s'ha trobat l'ordre
beta_significance.py: opdracht niet gevonden
beta_significance.py: parancs nem található
beta_significance.py: perintah tidak ditemukan
beta_significance.py: príkaz nenájdený
beta_significance.py: příkaz nenalezen
beta_significance.py: команда не найдена
beta_significance.py: командата не е открита
beta_significance.py: 命令找不到
beta_significance.py: コマンドが見つかりません