bibtexu: command not found

Have You tried accessing the binary with the full path?

Maybe Your $PATH variable doesn't contain the default paths? echo $PATH should give something like:

[root@server ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

If it's empty, You may set the PATH variable with this command

export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin"

On Debian possible default full paths are:

/usr/bin/bibtexu - from package: texlive-binaries

You may install the required package with command apt-get install {package}
Error in other languages:
bibtexu: bevel nie gevind nie
bibtexu: comandă negăsită
bibtexu: comando não encontrado
bibtexu: commande introuvable
bibtexu: command not found
bibtexu: käsku ei ole
bibtexu: không tìm thấy lệnh
bibtexu: komanda nerasta
bibtexu: Kommando nicht gefunden.
bibtexu: kommandot finns inte
bibtexu: komut yok
bibtexu: nie znaleziono polecenia
bibtexu: níor aimsíodh an t-ordú
bibtexu: no se encontró la orden
bibtexu: no s'ha trobat l'ordre
bibtexu: opdracht niet gevonden
bibtexu: parancs nem található
bibtexu: perintah tidak ditemukan
bibtexu: príkaz nenájdený
bibtexu: příkaz nenalezen
bibtexu: команда не найдена
bibtexu: командата не е открита
bibtexu: 命令找不到
bibtexu: コマンドが見つかりません