vim: command not found

Maybe Your $PATH variable doesn't contain the default paths? echo $PATH should give something like:

[root@server ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

If it's empty, You may set the PATH variable with this command

export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin"

On CentOS possible default full paths are:

/usr/bin/vim - from package: vim-enhanced

You may install the required package with command yum install {package}

Error in other languages:
vim: bevel nie gevind nie
vim: comandă negăsită
vim: comando não encontrado
vim: commande introuvable
vim: command not found
vim: käsku ei ole
vim: không tìm thấy lệnh
vim: komanda nerasta
vim: Kommando nicht gefunden.
vim: kommandot finns inte
vim: komut yok
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vim: níor aimsíodh an t-ordú
vim: no se encontró la orden
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vim: opdracht niet gevonden
vim: parancs nem található
vim: perintah tidak ditemukan
vim: príkaz nenájdený
vim: příkaz nenalezen
vim: команда не найдена
vim: командата не е открита
vim: 命令找不到
vim: コマンドが見つかりません