docker: command not found

Have You tried accessing the binary with the full path?

Maybe Your $PATH variable doesn't contain the default paths? echo $PATH should give something like:

[root@server ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

If it's empty, You may set the PATH variable with this command

export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin"

On CentOS possible default full paths are:

/usr/bin/docker - from package: docker-io
/usr/bin/docker - from package: docker

You may install the required package with command yum install {package}
Error in other languages:
docker: bevel nie gevind nie
docker: comandă negăsită
docker: comando não encontrado
docker: commande introuvable
docker: command not found
docker: käsku ei ole
docker: không tìm thấy lệnh
docker: komanda nerasta
docker: Kommando nicht gefunden.
docker: kommandot finns inte
docker: komut yok
docker: nie znaleziono polecenia
docker: níor aimsíodh an t-ordú
docker: no se encontró la orden
docker: no s'ha trobat l'ordre
docker: opdracht niet gevonden
docker: parancs nem található
docker: perintah tidak ditemukan
docker: príkaz nenájdený
docker: příkaz nenalezen
docker: команда не найдена
docker: командата не е открита
docker: 命令找不到
docker: コマンドが見つかりません